![]() ![]() This distinction is not always apparent and academics continue to debate the matter. There is a tendency to distinguish "traditional" organized crime from certain other forms of crime that also usually involve organized or group criminal acts, such as white-collar crime, financial crimes, political crimes, war crimes, state crimes, and treason. Other organizations-including states, churches, militaries, police forces, and corporations-may sometimes use organized-crime methods to conduct their activities, but their powers derive from their status as formal social institutions. Academic studies of the original "Mafia", the Sicilian Mafia, which predates the other groups, generated an economic study of organized crime groups and exerted great influence on studies of the Russian mafia, the Chinese Triads, the Hong Kong Triads, and the Japanese Yakuza. Sociologists sometimes specifically distinguish a "mafia" as a type of organized crime group that specializes in the supply of extra-legal protection and quasi-law enforcement. A criminal organization can also be referred to as a gang, mafia, mob, ( crime) ring, or syndicate the network, subculture, and community of criminals involved in organized crime may be referred to as the underworld or gangland. Street gangs may often be deemed organized crime groups or, under stricter definitions of organized crime, may become disciplined enough to be considered organized. Sometimes criminal organizations force people to do business with them, such as when a gang extorts money from shopkeepers for " protection". ![]() ![]() While organized crime is generally thought of as a form of illegal business, some criminal organizations, such as terrorist groups, rebel forces, and separatists, are politically motivated. Organized crime (or organised crime) is a category of transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for profit. ![]()
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